Nurses Compass
Drug Guide
Sulfoxone Sodium
Classification
Therapeutic: Anti-inflammatory, Antirheumatic
Pharmacological: Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drug (DMARD)
FDA Approved Indications
- Rheumatoid arthritis
Mechanism of Action
Sulfoxone Sodium modulates immune responses, reducing inflammation in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, though its exact mechanism is not fully understood.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Typically 100 mg daily, adjusted based on response and tolerance.
Pediatric: Use is not well established; consult specialist.
Geriatric: Start with lower doses due to increased sensitivity; monitor closely.
Renal Impairment: Adjust dosing based on renal function; consult guidelines.
Hepatic Impairment: Use with caution; monitor liver function.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed in body tissues.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.
Excretion: Excreted primarily via the kidneys.
Half Life: Approximately 36 hours.
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to Sulfoxone Sodium.
- Severe liver or kidney impairment.
Precautions
- Monitor liver and kidney function during therapy.
- Use with caution in patients with blood dyscrasias, autoimmune diseases, or infections.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Gastrointestinal upset (Common)
- Rash or hypersensitivity reactions (Less common)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Agranulocytosis (Rare)
- Hepatotoxicity (Rare)
- Blood dyscrasias (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Other immunosuppressants
- Live vaccines
Drug-Food Interactions
- No significant interactions known.
Drug-Herb Interactions
- Caution with herbal immunomodulators.
Nursing Implications
Assessment: Monitor blood counts, liver and kidney function, and signs of hypersensitivity.
Diagnoses:
- Risk for bleeding or infection due to blood dyscrasias.
- Impaired liver or kidney function.
Implementation: Administer as prescribed, monitor labs regularly, educate patient about symptoms of adverse effects.
Evaluation: Assess effectiveness in reducing disease activity and monitor for adverse effects.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Report signs of infection, bleeding, or allergic reactions immediately.
- Take medication exactly as prescribed.
- Avoid live vaccines during therapy.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings:
- Hepatotoxicity, blood dyscrasias (including agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia).
Genetic Factors: None well-established.
Lab Test Interference: May alter liver function tests and blood counts.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, signs of blood dyscrasias.
Treatment: Supportive care; discontinue medication; monitor blood counts and liver function; consult poison control if necessary.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature, away from moisture and light.
Stability: Stable for 2-3 years when stored properly.