Drug Guide
Selenium Sulfide
Classification
Therapeutic: Antifungal and Antidandruff Agent
Pharmacological: Selenium-containing compound with keratolytic and antifungal properties
FDA Approved Indications
- Dandruff
- Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp
Mechanism of Action
Selenium sulfide reduces scalp flakiness by slowing down the production of excess skin cells and has antifungal activity against Malassezia species, which are involved in dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Apply to damp hair, lather, leave on the scalp for 3-5 minutes, then rinse thoroughly. Use twice weekly or as directed.
Pediatric: Use as directed; safety and efficacy in children under 12 have not been thoroughly established.
Geriatric: Same as adult; monitor for scalp irritation or dermatitis.
Renal Impairment: No specific dose adjustment known; caution advised.
Hepatic Impairment: No specific dose adjustment known.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption after topical application.
Distribution: Primarily remains on the skin and scalp.
Metabolism: Not extensively metabolized; remains in topical form.
Excretion: Excreted in the feces and urine in trace amounts.
Half Life: Not well defined; primarily acts locally.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to selenium sulfide or any component of the formulation.
Precautions
- Use with caution in open scalp wounds; avoid contact with eyes.
- Discontinue if irritation or allergic reaction occurs.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Scalp irritation (Common)
- Dryness or oiliness of scalp (Common)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, difficulty breathing) (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- None known with topical use
Drug-Food Interactions
- None
Drug-Herb Interactions
- None known
Nursing Implications
Assessment: Inspect scalp for irritation, allergic reactions, or signs of worsening condition.
Diagnoses:
- Impaired skin integrity related to dermatitis.
- Risk for allergic skin reaction.
Implementation: Instruct patient on proper application technique. Advise to avoid contact with eyes.
Evaluation: Monitor scalp condition and for adverse reactions.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Use as directed, avoiding contact with eyes.
- Notify healthcare provider if irritation, rash, or allergic reactions occur.
- Use regularly for best results.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings:
- None
Genetic Factors: None identified
Lab Test Interference: None known
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Unlikely with topical use; systemic toxicity rare, but may include dermatitis or local irritation if ingested in large quantities.
Treatment: Remove application, wash affected area, provide symptomatic care, and seek medical attention if necessary.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature, away from heat and moisture.
Stability: Stable when stored properly.