Nurses Compass
Drug Guide
Isoetharine Mesylate
Classification
Therapeutic: Bronchodilator
Pharmacological: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist
FDA Approved Indications
- Relief of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema
Mechanism of Action
Isoetharine stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the airway smooth muscle, leading to relaxation of bronchial muscles and bronchodilation.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Administer via inhalation, typically 0.5 mL of 2.25 mg/mL solution via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.
Pediatric: Dosing is similar to adults; usually 0.5 mL via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed, but should be tailored based on age and weight.
Geriatric: Use with caution due to increased risk of cardiovascular side effects; monitor closely.
Renal Impairment: No specific adjustments; use with caution.
Hepatic Impairment: No specific adjustments; monitor for systemic effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Rapid absorption through inhalation route.
Distribution: Distributed mainly to the lungs, with some systemic distribution.
Metabolism: Metabolized minimally in the liver; primarily excreted unchanged.
Excretion: Excreted via the kidneys.
Half Life: Approximately 2-3 hours.
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to isoetharine or adrenergic amines.
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, or hyperthyroidism.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Tremor (Common)
- Nervousness (Common)
- Headache (Common)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Cardiac arrhythmias (Rare)
- Hypertension or hypotension (Rare)
- Palpitations (Uncommon)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Concurrent use with other sympathomimetics may increase cardiovascular effects.
- Beta-blockers may diminish bronchodilatory effects.
Drug-Food Interactions
N/ADrug-Herb Interactions
N/ANursing Implications
Assessment: Monitor respiratory status and lung sounds before and after administration. Watch for signs of systemic adrenergic effects.
Diagnoses:
- Impaired gas exchange,
Implementation: Administer via nebulizer as prescribed. Evaluate effectiveness and adverse effects.
Evaluation: Improvement in airflow and reduction of bronchospasm.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Use medication exactly as prescribed.
- Report chest pain, rapid heartbeat, or tremors.
- Avoid other stimulants or sympathomimetics without consulting healthcare provider.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings: N/A
Genetic Factors: Not specifically identified.
Lab Test Interference: May affect glucose and serum electrolytes due to systemic adrenergic effects.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Severe tachycardia, hypertension, arrhythmias, agitation.
Treatment: Discontinue drug, provide supportive care, administer beta-blockers if necessary under medical supervision.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature away from heat and light.
Stability: Stable until expiration date if stored properly.