Home Drug Guide Inulin

Drug Guide

Generic Name

Inulin

Brand Names Inulin And Sodium Chloride

Classification

Therapeutic: Nutritional supplement / Prebiotic

Pharmacological: Carbohydrate (prebiotic fiber)

FDA Approved Indications

Dietary fiber supplementation to promote digestive health

Mechanism of Action

Inulin is a soluble dietary fiber that resists digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract. It undergoes fermentation by colonic bacteria, producing short-chain fatty acids, which promote gut health and facilitate mineral absorption.

Dosage and Administration

Adult: Typically 5-10 grams daily, adjusted based on tolerance and dietary needs.

Pediatric: Consult pediatric guidelines; generally, lower doses are used, e.g., 2-5 grams daily.

Geriatric: Start with lower doses to assess tolerance; adjust based on digestive comfort.

Renal Impairment: No specific dose adjustment; monitor gastrointestinal tolerance.

Hepatic Impairment: No specific dose adjustment.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.

Distribution: Remains within the gastrointestinal lumen until fermentation.

Metabolism: Fermented by colonic bacteria into short-chain fatty acids.

Excretion: Excreted with feces after fermentation.

Half Life: Not applicable; acts locally within the GI tract.

Contraindications

Allergy to inulin or other fructans.
Intestinal obstruction or severe gastrointestinal disorders.

Precautions

Gradual introduction recommended to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort such as bloating, gas, or cramping. Use with caution in patients with irritable bowel syndrome or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO).

Adverse Reactions - Common

Gas, bloating, abdominal discomfort (Common)
Diarrhea or soft stools (Common)

Adverse Reactions - Serious

Severe abdominal pain or signs of bowel obstruction (Rare)

Drug-Drug Interactions

N/A

Drug-Food Interactions

N/A

Drug-Herb Interactions

N/A

Nursing Implications

Assessment: Assess gastrointestinal tolerance and bowel habits.

Diagnoses:

Risk for constipation or gastrointestinal discomfort.

Implementation: Start with small doses, promote adequate fluid intake, monitor for adverse GI symptoms.

Evaluation: Evaluate bowel pattern and patient comfort regularly.

Patient/Family Teaching

Increase fiber intake gradually to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort.
Maintain adequate hydration.
Report severe bloating, pain, or change in bowel habits.

Special Considerations

Black Box Warnings: N/A

Genetic Factors: None specific.

Lab Test Interference: None known.

Overdose Management

Signs/Symptoms: Severe gas, bloating, diarrhea, dehydration from excessive fiber intake.

Treatment: Discontinue inulin; supportive care, hydration, and symptom management.

Storage and Handling

Storage: Store in a cool, dry place.

Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.