Home Drug Guide Insulin Lispro

Drug Guide

Generic Name

Insulin Lispro

Brand Names Admelog, Admelog Solostar

Classification

Therapeutic: Antidiabetic agent

Pharmacological: Rapid-acting insulin

FDA Approved Indications

Management of blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus

Mechanism of Action

Insulin Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analog that mimics endogenous insulin response to a meal, facilitating glucose uptake into cells and inhibiting hepatic glucose production.

Dosage and Administration

Adult: Dosage individualized based on patient's blood glucose levels; administered subcutaneously within 15 minutes before or immediately after meals.

Pediatric: Dosing varies; usually administered subcutaneously before meals; consult specific pediatric guidelines.

Geriatric: Initiate at lower doses with careful titration due to increased risk of hypoglycemia.

Renal Impairment: Dose adjustment may be necessary; monitor closely.

Hepatic Impairment: No specific adjustments; use with caution.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Rapid absorption following subcutaneous injection, with onset within 15 minutes.

Distribution: Distributes broadly in body tissues.

Metabolism: Metabolized primarily in the liver and kidneys.

Excretion: Excreted as metabolites mainly via renal pathways.

Half Life: Approximately 1 hour.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to insulin lispro or any excipients in the formulation

Precautions

Risk of hypoglycemia
Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment
Monitor for allergic reactions; lipodystrophy at injection sites

Adverse Reactions - Common

Hypoglycemia (Common)
Injection site reactions (Less common)

Adverse Reactions - Serious

Severe hypoglycemia leading to coma or death (Rare)
Anaphylaxis (Rare)

Drug-Drug Interactions

Other antidiabetic agents (risk of hypoglycemia)
Beta-blockers (may mask hypoglycemia symptoms)

Drug-Food Interactions

N/A

Drug-Herb Interactions

N/A

Nursing Implications

Assessment: Monitor blood glucose levels closely; assess for signs of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.

Diagnoses:

Risk for unstable blood glucose levels
Risk for hypoglycemia

Implementation: Administer as prescribed; educate patient on injection technique and recognition of hypoglycemia.

Evaluation: Effectiveness assessed via blood glucose monitoring and patient symptom report.

Patient/Family Teaching

Never share insulin syringes or pens
Recognize symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia
Administer insulin injections as instructed
Maintain proper storage of insulin
Have a source of fast-acting carbohydrate available

Special Considerations

Black Box Warnings:

Hypoglycemia is the most common adverse effect.

Genetic Factors: No specific genetic considerations

Lab Test Interference: May interfere with some laboratory blood glucose tests.

Overdose Management

Signs/Symptoms: Severe hypoglycemia: sweating, trembling, weakness, altered mental status, seizures.

Treatment: Administer fast-acting carbohydrate, glucagon, or intravenous glucose as per severity.

Storage and Handling

Storage: Unopened vials or pens stored in the refrigerator (36°F to 46°F); opened vials or pens can be kept at room temperature up to 28 days.

Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions for the specified periods.