Drug Guide
Benzyl Alcohol
Classification
Therapeutic: Antiparasitic
Pharmacological: Topical antiseptic
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of head lice infestations (pediculosis) in patients 6 months and older
Mechanism of Action
Benzyl Alcohol works by asphyxiating lice; it penetrates the chitinous exoskeleton and paralyzes lice, leading to their death by suffocation.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Apply to dry hair to cover all affected areas, leave on for 10 minutes, then rinse. Repeat after 7 days if necessary.
Pediatric: Same as adult; specific guidance for children 6 months and older provided in product labeling.
Geriatric: No specific dosage adjustment required, but use with caution and monitor for hypersensitivity.
Renal Impairment: No specific adjustments noted.
Hepatic Impairment: No specific adjustments noted.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption when applied topically.
Distribution: Primarily remains on the skin/hair scalp.
Metabolism: Not significantly metabolized systemically.
Excretion: Excreted mainly via skin and in hair.
Half Life: Not applicable due to minimal systemic absorption.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to benzyl alcohol or other ingredients.
Precautions
- Avoid contact with eyes. Use with caution in individuals with sensitive skin or known allergies. Not for use in children under 6 months.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Skin irritation or redness (Uncommon)
- Itching or burning sensation on scalp (Uncommon)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Allergic reactions including rash, swelling, difficulty breathing (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- No significant interactions documented.
Drug-Food Interactions
- No significant interactions identified.
Drug-Herb Interactions
- No known interactions.
Nursing Implications
Assessment: Check for hypersensitivity, assess scalp and hair condition.
Diagnoses:
- Risk for skin irritation or allergic reaction.
Implementation: Apply medication as directed, ensuring coverage of affected areas; avoid eyes.
Evaluation: Monitor for resolution of infestation and adverse reactions.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Instruct on proper application technique.
- Advise to avoid contact with eyes.
- Inform about possible skin reactions and to report any severe or unusual symptoms.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings:
- None
Genetic Factors: None specific to genetic factors.
Lab Test Interference: None known.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Local skin irritation; systemic toxicity is unlikely due to minimal absorption.
Treatment: Supportive care; no specific antidote—remove application area and treat symptomatically.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature, away from heat and moisture.
Stability: Stable when stored properly.